If your cat suddenly starts pooping outside the litter box, it can be frustrating and confusing. But this behavior is almost always your cat’s way of telling you something isn’t right. From medical issues to environmental stress, several factors can trigger this change. Understanding the cause is the first step toward fixing the problem—and keeping your home clean.

1. Medical Issues

Before assuming it’s behavioral, rule out medical causes. Cats often avoid the litter box if they associate it with pain.

Common Medical Reasons

• Constipation
• Diarrhea
• Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)
• Urinary tract infections (yes, these can cause box avoidance)
• Arthritis (hard to climb into a tall box)

When to see a vet:
If your cat’s stool is runny, bloody, very hard, or if the behavior started suddenly, a vet visit is strongly recommended.

2. The Litter Box Isn’t Clean Enough

Cats are extremely clean animals. A dirty litter box is one of the most common reasons for inappropriate elimination.

Fix it by:

• Scooping at least once daily
• Washing the box weekly with mild soap
• Adding an extra box if you have multiple cats

General rule:
Number of cats + 1 = number of litter boxes

3. Stress or Anxiety

Cats are sensitive to change, and stress can quickly lead to litter box issues.

Common Stress Triggers

• New pets or people
• Moving homes
• Loud noises
• Changes in routine
• Conflict with other cats

How to help

• Create safe, quiet spaces
• Use calming pheromones
• Stick to predictable routines

4. Territorial Behavior

Unneutered cats or cats in multi-cat homes may poop outside the box to mark territory. Even neutered cats may do this if they feel threatened.

What helps:

• Ensure each cat has its own space
• Add additional litter boxes
• Reduce cat-to-cat tension with slow introductions

5. Litter Box Type or Location

Some cats are picky about their box setup.

Considerations:

• Is the box too small?
• Does the cat dislike covered boxes?
• Is the litter scented?
• Is the location noisy, high-traffic, or hard to access?

Tip:

Cats prefer low-traffic, quiet areas and unscented litter.

6. Changes in Household Routine

Even small changes—like new work hours or new furniture—may trigger anxiety and cause litter box avoidance.

How to Fix Litter Box Problems (Quick Guide)

✔️ Keep boxes clean
✔️ Offer multiple boxes
✔️ Choose unscented litter
✔️ Place boxes in quiet areas
✔️ Reduce stress in the environment
✔️ Consult a vet if medical issues are suspected